Probate & Estate Litigation

Published on: April 2, 2012

Court Decides Legal Fees from Will Proceeding

by Stephen Bilkis

A rich man died in 1958 leaving a will and a codicil. The distributees of the properties and assets named in the instruments were his wife, two daughters as distributes and two other persons as executors. The letters testamentary were issued to the executors after the will was presented to probate by the assigned parties. Based on the will, the decedent gave the surviving spouse personal properties and also gave to individuals and charities named in the will. The daughters also received a large amount of money from their father. Legacies were also given to 13 individuals and the remainder of the wealth was placed in trust with the income from such investment directed to be paid to the widow during her entire lifetime. The will also directed that upon the death of the surviving spouse, the principal of the trust investment be paid to the two daughters who where earlier declared as trustees when the said trust was created.

Upon the death of the decedent, the executors hired a law firm to represent them in the Surrogate court of St. Lawrence County for the estate administration of the decedent.

A few months after, another law firm was retained and both firms worked on the proceedings and the tasks involved in settling the estate of the decedent. Since the decedent was a rich man and had many properties as well as investment exposures in many different corporations, the work entailed among others settling accounts and other transactions needed to facilitate the entire Surrogate court’s proceedings.

Published on: April 2, 2012

Court Decides Fees for Guardians

by Stephen Bilkis

The trial discussed concerns the legal settlement of the final account of two persons and the fixation of legal fees. The two persons were the appointed guardians of the properties of the deceased incompetent man. While the administrator of the properties also filed objections and has argued for a surcharge against one of the appointed guardians and for a direction that the other appointed guardian accounts for the money supposedly belonging to the properties that he received both prior and subsequent to his appointment. A New York Probate Lawyer said the opposing motion was granted for the extent that the appointed guardian must file a detail of his acts.

It started when the sister of the incompetent man was appointed as the guardian of her brother and as well as guardian of his properties by the order of the New York Court. She was also appointed guardian as a result of the additional proceedings in the Superior Court of New Jersey, where the incompetent man possess properties. Through a court order, she was permitted to move the incompetent man and certain of his assets to California, where she resided with her husband. Years later, the sister of the incompetent man died in California. At that time, the incompetent man was also in California, as were certain assets of his estate, which were in part transferred from his properties in New York and New Jersey. Afterwards, the husband of the sister of the deceased was appointed as his guardian as well as of his properties by the order of the superior court of California, Los Angeles County.

The husband of the sister filed a petition claiming that the deceased brother-in-law was a resident of Los Angeles County and was then a patient at one of the sanitarium. A Staten Island Probate Lawyer said he also stated that his wife had been the guardian of the incompetent man by appointments in the Courts of New York and New Jersey, and that at the time of her death, as such guardian, she had in her control her personal property. It appears that the husband believes that the deceased was a resident of California, and petitioned for his appointment under the California Probate Code. Under the said section, notice is required to be given only to the relatives of the incompetent man within the second degree and residing in California. However, it is agreed that the incompetent man was not a resident of California at such time, and the law is clear that a guardian may not change the residence of the incompetent man. The protesting party concludes that the order of the California Court appointing the husband as guardian was void and further stress that all of the husband’s acts under the order are void.

Published on: April 1, 2012

Court Rules on Fees to be Paid to the Guardian ad Litem

by Stephen Bilkis

The decedent, a resident of Nassau County died on January 24, 2006 who on October 24, 2003 created the Revocable Trust U/A during which he executed his will now offered for probate. The instruments were drater by the long time attorney who supervised the execution of both documents. Bulk of the assets were transferred to the trust while he was alive, thus, the will is attributed as “catch all” document. The probates estate is counted at $10,000.00 while the trust holds asets is close to $1,000,000.00.

The guardian ad litem for the decedents daughter claims for his services in the amount of $2,828.00, he rendering 7.2 hours which shall be taken out of the estate. The statute governing the compensation of guardian ad litem provides tht fee is payable in the following consideration:

1. the estate

Published on: April 1, 2012

Court Decides Jurisdiction Issue of French Will

by Stephen Bilkis

This case started in 1951 when one of the heirs of the decedent applied for ancillary letters of administration concerning holographic will that was said to be executed in France. In his petition, it was alleged that the decedent was a resident of France who died in the same country and left properties within the jurisdiction of the New York court. The petitioner also alleged that the will was made according to French law and that the same was recognized and established accordingly under the laws of that country. This claim of the applicant for estate administration of the decedent became an issue particularly with regards to the claim of domiciliary. The question was put forward by the New York state Tax Commission and by another party who in the end filed a motion to stop the proceedings of the court. This latter party had an interest in the case because according to him, the decedent owed him money for the legal services he rendered and which amount he wanted to recover from the property of the decedent. It is worth noting that this same party is the executor named by the decedent in a will and a codicil allegedly executed by the decedent in New York. Thus, it appears the decedent executed two wills and a codicil while he was living.

While the question of the real domicile of the decedent was still pending, the executor pushed through with the estate litigation of the will and a codicil executed by the decedent. The executor named in the will declared that the decedent was a resident of New York at the time of his death. According to a New York Probate Lawyer, the proponent of both the will and the codicil, who is also the executor designated in the will, argued that he was obligated to apply for the settlement of the properties of the decedent because he truly believed that the decedent was a domiciliary of New York and that if the decedent indeed transferred his domiciliary to France, that he has no sufficient information with regards to that and adding further that he was not given the opportunity to establish the veracity of the later will which was probated under French law.

The proponent with his lawyer went to France and there gathered information regarding the domicile of the decedent and also talked to witnesses relating to the will that was executed there. Nassau County Probate Lawyers said it was in France that the proponent was able to claim the money that he wanted to get from the probate proceeding in New York. When he returned to New York, he moved that the probate proceeding be discontinued claiming among others that based on his findings, there is very little chance of them succeeding in proving the New York residency of the decedent and as such, there is no more reason for the proceeding to push through. The proponent also asked the court that the services of his lawyers be paid including the one that he contracted in France.

Published on: March 31, 2012

Court Hears Case to Validate a Will

by Stephen Bilkis

The last will is accepted for probate but the co-administrator requests a decision to dismiss the objections pertaining to the account of the first daughter of the deceased. The second daughter of the deceased and her co-administrator join in their appeals of while the first daughter opposes the motions. The separate motion submitted by the first daughter seek for partial decision without proceedings on her claim to enforce the terms of the deceased of a prior mutual reciprocal will and an agreement not to revoke it. The co-administrator as well as the second daughter opposes the motion.

The mutual reciprocal will was completed by the deceased and his wife. The couple agreed to leave each other’s one-half of their net estates in trust with the remainder of the trust to be passed on another trust in equal shares to their two daughters. A New York Probate Lawyer said their residuary properties are left in trust with equal shares to their two daughters until the daughters reached the age of thirty-five. On the same date, the couple also completed a separate agreement not to revoke their mutual reciprocal wills without the consent of each other. The agreement further states that it will result to the benefit of their heirs.

The parties agree that there are no factual issues to be determined and that the issue of law to be determined is whether the mutual reciprocal wills and the agreement are valid and enforceable to support the first daughter’s claim as a creditor for a one-half share of their father’s properties. Westchester County Probate Lawyer said that consequently, no trial is needed.

Published on: March 31, 2012

Court Determines Will Contest Issue

by Stephen Bilkis

An alleged will was found by the accused among the deceased person’s possessions. The document was signed by the deceased but the signatures of the witnesses are torn off and missing. The accused states that the attorney whose name appears at the back of the will does not remember having such document as the alleged will or attending on the execution of any will by the deceased. The complainant was named as the executor and sole beneficiary in the will. If the deceased is found to die without a valid will, her sole heir would be her sister, a Finnish citizen who resides in Finland and who intends to file a will contest. Records show that the probate will not be granted and the deceased died without leaving a valid will. Although it is possible that an investigation may reveal and proof may present that the will was validly executed and was not broken and torn by the deceased.

When the complainant learned about the will, his lawyer visited the accused person’s office and requested that the will be filed immediately as required by law. Since the complainant was anxious to file a petition for the validation of the said will, instead of merely filing the will, the accused filed the will on the same day that he filed a petition for the issuance of a ruling to show the reason why the will should not be admitted for validation. A New York Probate Lawyer said they also filed a petition for a ruling to admit the will for validation and directing the issuance of letters of administration to the executor who may qualify or to determine that the act of tearing caused the instrument to be revoked. If the court found that the will was revoked then as an alternative, the complainant request for the issuance of letters of administration to the accused. The accused takes the position that the will is not valid and validation will be denied. Together with the filing of the petition, the accused made a motion that temporary letters of administration be issued to him.

The complainant opposed the motion of the accused for the appointment of the temporary administrator and moved for an order to dismiss the petition to verify the will. He also requested for a further order to authorize him to petition the court to verify the said will. The accused person’s motion was granted and the complainant’s motion was denied. The order denying the complainant’s motion provides that the motion to dismiss the petition for the validation of the will or the alternative issuance of letters of administration to the accused is denied in all respects.

Published on: March 30, 2012

Courts Discuss Bond Provisin in Estate Documents

by Stephen Bilkis

On 4 February 2007, a resident of Nassau County died leaving a will dated 20 September 2006. She was survived by her two (2) children, a grandchild and two (2) minor grandchildren. Such will has been offered for probate by the nominated executor (decedent’s husband).

The will created a trust to be funded with the “exemption amount.” The trust shall terminate upon the death of the decedent’s husband who has a limited testamentary power of appointment over the trust principal. If or to the extent that the decedent’s husband failed to exercise the limited power of appointment, the remaining trust principal is payable to the decedent’s husband 1993 Insurance Trust. The residuary estate is then payable to the decedent’s husband. The decedent’s husband and the children are named under the will as trustee and successor trustees, respectively. Also, “no bond or other security shall be required of any Executor for the faithful performance of such person’s fiduciary duties in any capacity.” Thereafter, the attorney-draftsman submitted an affidavit and averred that he inadvertently used the word “Executor” instead of “fiduciary.” Apparently, the decedent’s prior will dated 2 April 1993, which contained one trust, dispensed with a bond in the case of any “fiduciary.”

In the instant case (estate litigation or estate administration) there is no will contest. However, the court is asked to dispense with the filing of a bond by the nominated trustee due to a purported scrivener’s error in the will.

Published on: March 30, 2012

Court Determines Who Letters Testimentary Should Be Issued To

by Stephen Bilkis

On 14 December 2005, the decedent died leaving a will dated 13 September 2005 (the “2005 Will”) and a prior will dated 24 January 2003 (the “2003 Will”). She was survived by three (3) daughters. Under the 2003 will, two (2) of the decedent’s daughters are named as executor and successor executor. Under the 2005 will, one of the daughters named in the 2003 will is again named as executor.

To whom shall the letters testamentary be issued?

The rules state that the issuance of preliminary letters testamentary was to provide a form of letters to the named executor which would allow for the immediate administration of the estate (estate administration or estate litigation) when there may be a delay in probate (will contest). The purpose was to honor the testator’s preference regarding the appointment of a fiduciary, even on a temporary basis, and to reduce the possibility of frivolous pre-probate contests. Preliminary letters allow the estate administration to be expedited and proceed as close to normal as possible and prevent contests within a contest. Although a will may be offered for probate by persons other than the nominated executor, an application for preliminary letters may only be made by the executor named in the testator’s will. A person not named as an executor has no standing to seek preliminary letters. Moreover, where the application is made by one of several nominated executors, notice must be given to all persons who, pursuant to the terms of the will, have a right to letters testamentary equal to that of the petitioner. If any person has an equal right to letters, i.e., a named co-executor, such person may join in the application. Where process has issued, the issuance of preliminary letters is mandatory “upon due qualification”. If process has not yet issued, preliminary letters may issue in the discretion of the court upon due qualification.

Published on: March 29, 2012

Courts Decide Will Contest Regarding German vs. American Wills

by Stephen Bilkis

This proceeding is about the two last wills made in different states by a deceased woman. The petitioner in this appeal requests for the validation of the will executed in 1955 while the deceased was in New York County. The petitioner as the representative in administering the assets leaves the residuary estate to a New York charity. The deceased traveled to West Germany in 1965 and executed again a holographic will in 1967. The will provides that it revokes all prior wills. The woman died in Germany in 1968. The respondent cross-petitioner is the deceased’s post deceased brother and is the sole successor under the later will. The latter will was established in the court proceedings in West Germany in 1972. The respondent cross-petitioner moved for judgment without trial to dismiss the petition and to deny probate to the prior 1955 will. In addition, the respondent filed a petition for ancillary letters on the basis of the 1967 will.

The court rendered a temporary decision holding the motion for the judgment without proceeding in suspending a trial to allow a full opportunity for each part to present proof and cross-examine each other’s experts on German law. A New York Probate Lawyer said the facts of the case were set forth in that decision and will be presented when necessary. The trial was held upon the issues of whether the German courts issued a judgment or an administrative certificate, whether the document issued by the German court contains a final ruling under the law or merely a pronounced determination and whether a finding of German residency was essential to the establishment of the will in Germany.

The court found that the legal order was rendered by courts of record in Germany in the establishment of the 1967 holographic will of the deceased. In addition, the certificate of inheritance issued by the District Court in Germany constitutes a final decree and not merely a pronounce determination. Moreover, finding of German residency was necessary to the establishment of the 1967 will in Germany. On the basis of the recognized rules, the court gives full acknowledgment to the establishment of the 1967 will of the deceased in the German courts.

Published on: March 29, 2012

Court Decides if Petition for Preliminary Letters Shoud Be Granted

by Stephen Bilkis

On 28 October 2006, the decedent died leaving a will dated 27 April 2006. The will nominates two (2) executors. Thereafter, one of the executors renounced his appointment. The decedent was survived by his two adult children.

Under the will, the entire residuary estate is left to the decedent’s companion and the decedent’s children are disinherited. One of the named executors (petitioner) now petitions for preliminary letters testamentary.

The primordial issue (in the estate litigation) is whether or not the petition for preliminary letters should be granted.